Researchers demonstrated that primary human hepatocytes maintained in a microfluidic OC-Plex platform can predict drug-induced liver injury with 92.3% accuracy when tested against 17 known compounds. The system tracked six mechanistic endpoints including albumin production, cell viability, and cytochrome P450 activity, achieving 85.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity for detecting hepatotoxic substances. This advance addresses a critical bottleneck in drug development where animal models poorly translate to human liver responses. Traditional hepatotoxicity testing relies heavily on rodent studies, yet species differences in metabolism and toxicity pathways frequently lead to late-stage drug failures or missed safety signals. The liver-on-chip approach uses actual human liver cells in a controlled microenvironment that better mimics physiological conditions than static cell cultures. While promising, the technology requires broader validation across diverse compound classes and integration with regulatory frameworks before widespread adoption. The cost-effectiveness and scalability claims need verification in high-throughput screening scenarios. If validated extensively, this platform could significantly reduce reliance on animal testing while improving prediction of human liver toxicity responses, potentially accelerating safer drug development and reducing pharmaceutical attrition rates.