Spanish adults over 65 consume 393 µmol of polyamines daily—putrescine (49%), spermidine (29%), and spermine (22%)—falling 27% below the proposed optimal intake of 540 µmol/day for age-related disease protection. Plant foods dominated spermidine intake through vegetables (36%) and fruits (26%), while meat products contributed 59% of spermine intake. This gap represents a significant missed opportunity for longevity enhancement. Polyamines, particularly spermidine, have emerged as promising anti-aging compounds that stimulate autophagy—the cellular cleanup process that removes damaged proteins and organelles. Recent research links higher spermidine intake to reduced cardiovascular mortality and improved cognitive function in aging populations. The finding that a theoretical Mediterranean diet would provide 406.6 µmol daily, still below optimal, suggests even healthy dietary patterns may be insufficient. Given that endogenous polyamine synthesis declines with age, this dietary shortfall becomes increasingly problematic for older adults. The research provides the first comprehensive assessment of polyamine intake patterns, establishing a baseline for targeted interventions promoting polyamine-rich foods like aged cheese, mushrooms, and fermented vegetables.