Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) significantly improved cognitive function in 131 patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, with measurable reductions in plasma amyloid-beta1-42 and phosphorylated-tau217—key proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease. Patients showed enhanced performance on standard cognitive assessments after the cardiovascular procedure, with the greatest improvements occurring when mean pulmonary arterial pressure dropped below 25 mmHg. This finding illuminates a potentially crucial heart-brain connection in cognitive health. The research suggests that chronic oxygen deprivation and poor cardiac output from pulmonary hypertension may accelerate neurodegeneration through mechanisms similar to those in Alzheimer's disease. By restoring proper blood flow through the lungs, BPA appears to reverse some of this damage, offering hope for cognitive preservation in cardiovascular patients. However, this preprint awaits peer review, and the results may change upon expert evaluation. The study's observational design also limits causal conclusions. While promising, the findings represent early evidence of a therapeutic approach that could bridge cardiovascular and neurological medicine, potentially offering new strategies for preventing cognitive decline in heart disease patients.