Chronic low back pain affects up to 70% of adults in industrialized nations, yet research addressing this condition in Black populations remains critically sparse despite potential differences in pain experience, treatment response, and healthcare access. This gap represents a significant oversight in musculoskeletal medicine, particularly as telerehabilitation emerges as a promising solution for expanding treatment reach. A new randomized controlled trial protocol aims to fill this research void by testing graded activity interventions delivered through mobile technology specifically in Afro-Brazilian adults with chronic nonspecific low back pain. The study design allocates 102 participants into two groups: one receiving graded activity plus education through a mobile app, and a control group receiving education alone, with interventions delivered across 12 sessions over four weeks. The protocol measures pain intensity as the primary endpoint, while tracking functional capacity, quality of life, anxiety levels, and fear-avoidance beliefs as secondary outcomes. This research addresses a critical knowledge gap in pain management equity and could establish telerehabilitation as a viable treatment modality for underserved populations. The focus on Afro-Brazilian participants acknowledges that sociocultural factors may influence pain perception, treatment adherence, and outcomes. While this represents only a protocol publication rather than results, the study design suggests growing recognition that effective pain management requires culturally informed, accessible interventions. Success could demonstrate telerehabilitation's potential to democratize quality musculoskeletal care across diverse populations, though results will need replication across different cultural contexts to establish broader applicability.